Fluorescence spectroscopy has been used to characterise natural organic matter (NOM) in water. Excitation-emission maps reveal the nature and concentration of NOM in river water and can be used as a routine analysis technique in water treatment facilities.

Red-edge fluorescence spectroscopy of proteins is a powerful tool to study protein structure and dynamics. The technique is demonstrated for studies of N-acetyl-L-tryptophanamide and porcine eye lens proteins.